was the Bill repugnant to the Constitution? TRANSPARENCY had it changed the nature of the Community? civil society and NGOs difficult to reconcile with an open-ended commitment grassroots democracy had they respected ius cogens? core issues close to the citizens reconnecting Europe with its people conv. 1995 Sweden, Finland, Austria CHALLENGE 1992 Maastricht, TEU the offending article 1990 German reunification constitutional amendment 1988 Cecchini report, Cost of Non-Europe attack a piece of legislation 1986 SEA Single European Act the scope of this authorisation 1986 Portugal, Spain was it overstepping the mark? 1984 Spinelli Report, Draft Treaty Establishing the mount a constitutional challenge European Union apply the test of constitutionality 1983 Delors White Paper the Supreme Court had signalled that was found to be constitutionalīefore the Treaty was contemplated (eg tourism), comptences d'appui declared Title 3 to be unconstitutional soft law, derecho indicativo Raymond Crotty challenged Maastricht Meroni ruling (delegation of powers, the executive cannot confer more powers than it has itself) go beyond what was currently authorised tran. 1963 Elyse Treaty PRECEDENCE monist v dualist concentric circles, variable geometry, multi-tier, two- subordinate v superior speed, multi-speed, hard core, differentiated integration a Westphalian system in which nation states attach communitarisation (communitisation) absolute importance to sovereignty 12.2009 TFEU Treaty on the Functioning of the EU, Lisbon Community law Treaty, Reform Treaty, double majority voting, ordinary given superior force (trumps) procedure, legal personality, EEAS, legally-binding CFR, undermine national sovereignty trio presidencies constitute a single legal system organic laws at the heart of state sovereignty stateless nations undermine their democratic rights legislative assembly of a distinctively nationalist stamp constitutional regions primacy, precedence, pre-eminence the clear intention of the framers international public law, Vlkerrecht legal instruments permeated with notions of sovereignty adopt legislative acts, non-legislative conflict of laws rules, Kollisionsregeln IGC Inter Governmental Conference constitutional law, constitutional principles, 2008 Irish voters reject the Lisbon treaty verfassungsrechtliche Verfasstheit 2007 Bulgaria, Romania hierarchy of acts, hierarchy of legislation, hirarchie des 2005 France and the Netherlands vote no normes 2004 Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, subject to judicial review, contrle judiciaire, fiscalizao Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus subordinate, unconditional, emphatic subordination, 2001 Irish referendum on Nice yield to 1997 Amsterdam chal.
1954 failure of EDC (Defence Community) CONSTITUTIONAL AFFAIRS Schuman Declaration, Schuman Plan, fter Unity in Diversity, Einheit in Vielfalt la Saint Schuman a journey through the galaxies of constitutional law lEurope ne se fera pas dun coup, ni dans une pragmatism, functionalism, gradualism construction densemble, elle se fera par des ralisations deepening v widening concrtes crant dabord une solidarit de fait formalists v substantivists Europe will not be built at a stroke, nor constructed in communautaire v inter-governmental accordance with some overall plan: it will be built upon subsidiarity v proportionality v solidarity concrete achievements proportionality (where less stringent alternatives are the only union of a small country and a big country is the available to achieve the same objectives) union between a boa constrictor and its prey (Lord repatriation (rebalancing), Rckverlagerung Byron) a directoire no common culture (demos) Paris-Berlin axis, le couple franco-allemand prec. Compiled by 1981 Greece last modified 110715 1979 direct elections 19 Denmark, Ireland, UK 1970 own resources 1968 Customs Union 1966 Luxembourg Compromise, empty seat, vital interests 1962 CAP 25.03.57 EEC, EURATOM, Treaty of Rome determined to lay the foundations of an ever-closer union among the peoples of Europe 1955 Messina Conference afco.